AFTE Store - Effects of Variable on the Appearance of Gunshot Depositions Using 9mm Ammunition

This study examines the effects of different variables on the appearance of gunshot depositions on targets when using 9mm luger ammunition. The various features of the deposition patterns which were examined include the presence of smoke, the presence of a smoke gradient, the powder pattern diameter, the powder pattern density and distribution, and the maximum distance at which significant amounts of powder were deposited onto a target. The different variables examined include the muzzle to target distance, the barrel length, the type of ammnunition used and the type of target material. At the closer distances in which there is a marked distinction among both smoke and density and distribution of powder, it may be possible to produce a tighter range of possible muzzle to target distances from which a particular shot may have been fired. However, at the intermediate range to longer distances, i.e, greater than 12 inches, when pattern diameter becomes the most distinctive feature, the opportunity for error appears to be greater. Ideally, to obtain the best results, this study confirms the results of earlier studies in that the weapon, similar ammunition and similar target material be used when attempting to reconstruct a muzzle to target distance.