AFTE Store - Empirical and Validation Study: Consecutively Manufactured Screwdrivers

The fundamental propositions of Toolmark Identification are tested with an empirical study and a validation study of five consecutively manufactured screwdrivers. The empirical study compares the machining marks imparted on the working surfaces and the toolmarks produced using these consecutively manufactured screwdrivers. Eight qualified examiners at the FBI laboratory participated in a blind validation study where eighty comparisons were conducted with toolmarks produced using the consecutively manufactured screwdrivers.