AFTE Store - The Effect of Gunshot Angle of Incidence on Distance Determination

A comprehensive series of tests were performed to determine how the gunshot angle of incidence will affect the amount and density of gunshot residue (GSR) upon a target. Test shots were performed at four different angles (0, 30, 45, and 60 degrees). Two handgun calibers (9mm & .45ACP) were included. Testing was at two distances (9”/23cm and 15”/38cm). All targets were photographed. The amount and density of the GSR was quantified using image analysis software and subjected to statistical analysis. The testing demonstrated that as the shooting angle increases from the orthogonal position, the amount and density of GSR on the target is diminished.