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The Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners

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Member's Area - Machining & Subclass -
Manufacturing Methods - Grinding

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← Back to Manufacturing Methods

Video





Images


Sanding wheel


Sanding wheel


Ground Feed Ramp 9mm Smith & Wesson 5906

Related Class Characteristics


Parallel

Related Tools


Firing Pin


Extractor


Ejector


Breechface

Definition

Reduced Potential for Subclass Carryover

Grinding – Removing material from a work piece with a grinding wheel or abrasive belt.

The tool marks displayed by a grinder appear as striated marks on the work piece due to the rotation of the grinding wheel.  If potential subclass characteristics are seen or suspected, individual characteristics will typically still be present which will be caused by use/abuse, a finishing process, rust, or any other event that causes random imperfections to be created on imparted on the work piece.

**Particular attention, however, should be given to grinding in terms of hammer forged barrels.  Some manufacturers will use mandrels that are shaped using a grinder that will leave a repeating pattern. The rifling in barrels created using these mandrels will potentially display the same pattern, thus qualifying as subclass characteristics. Therefore, bullets fired through these barrels MAY display a similar striated pattern.  Any individual characteristics imparted on the bullet surface fired through these barrels will be from another source.

Related AFTE Journal Articles

  • New Screwdrivers, Production and Identification - Review
  • Glass Cutter Impression Identification - Review
  • Unique Markings on Cartridge Cases from the Ejection Port of Type 14 Nambu Pistol - Review
  • Identification of Toolmarks From a Priming Tool in Reloaded Ammunition - Review
  • A Study of Consecutively Manufactured Chisels - Review
  • 9mm Smith & Wesson Ejectors - Review
  • Knife Identification Project (KIP) - Review
  • The Mechanics of the Grinding Process - Review
  • Determination of the Rotational Direction of an Angle Grinder Based on the Tool Marks - Review
  • An Introduction to the Forensic Examination of Toolmarks - Review
  • Toolmarks: Examining the Possibility of Subclass Characteristics - Review
  • Subclass Characteristics: From Origin to Evaluation - Review
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The Association of Firearm
and Tool Mark Examiners

About AFTE

  • What is AFTE?
  • Board of Directors
  • Committees
  • Bylaws
  • Code of Ethics
  • Policy Letters
  • Conflict of Interest Policy
  • AFTE Position Documents
  • Scholarship Endowment Fund
  • Past Presidents & Awards Recipients

Membership

  • Become a Member
  • International
  • Assistance

AFTE Journal

  • What is AFTE Journal?
  • Peer Review Process
  • Want to Publish?
  • Find an Article
  • Subscriptions

Certification

  • Certification Policies & Procedures
  • Recertification Policies & Procedures
  • Study Guide
  • Testing Dates
  • Test Portal

Resources

  • Forum
  • Glossary
  • Admissibility Resource Kit (ARK)
  • Headstamp Gallery
  • Training Seminar Presentation Index
  • OSAC
  • Expert Referral
  • Training Manual

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  • AFTE 2025
  • Prospective Host Info

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Research & Development

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